INVISIBLE POWER OF NETWORKS
HOW DIGITAL MEDIA SHAPES PUBLIC OPINION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32813/2179-1120.2025.v18.n2.a1203Keywords:
Fake News, , Political Polarization, Democratic Health, Public OpinionAbstract
This study analyzes the effect of digital media, especially social networks, on the formation of public opinion and its effects on democratic health. The objective is to analyze the role of these media in the formation of public opinion in contemporary society, investigating their effects on democratic health. The aim is to understand how the dissemination of fake news and the manipulation of information affect the electoral process and trust in democratic institutions. The research starts from the following central question: in what way do digital media, by amplifying the dissemination of fake news and manipulating the formation of public opinion, contribute to the increase in political polarization and weaken democracy? The methodology adopted is a qualitative literature review. The main results demonstrate that digital media directly influence political polarization, driven by algorithms that reinforce preferences and increase the circulation of misinformation. Social networks function as fertile spaces for the propagation of manipulated content, hindering democratic dialogue and promoting distrust in institutions. The formation of information bubbles is also observed, which restrict contact with divergent views and accentuate political fragmentation. Although they expand access to information, these media pose real risks to democratic health and public debate.
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